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Objective To explore the critical risk points and major current threats for patients to access online medical information. Methods The patient perception value questionnaire was used, to sample survey 1 164 patients with online medical experiences from hospitals in Zhejiang province in January 2018.Their risks in accessing online medical information was evaluated.The evaluation results were ranked according to their importance and satisfaction, and a cross comparison was made between the two, to identify the top ranking factors and the highest difference factor.Descriptive statistics and related analysis methods were used for the data so obtained.Results Health risks and privacy risks were the highest concerns for patients in accessing online medical information.Among the risk factors, information content credibility and transmission channel credibility rank top two.A cross-comparison found that factors of good risk control for online medical information were information author credibility, transmission mode reliability and service risk in turn. The factor of the worst risk control was privacy, while the most problematic risk points were information type credibility and transmission channel credibility.Conclusions The present focus should be placed on the factors of privacy risks and the credibility of information delivery channels, and the main cause of risks is the regulatory awareness.In this consideration, it is suggested that the relevant risk indicators be hierarchically managed according to the current perception characteristics in patients′ online medical access risks, with measures taken accordingly to minimize their risk in such information access.
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By means of literature review, theoretical analysis and analogy analysis, the authors analyzed the characteristics and risk exposure of online medical information transmission. According to whether the sender has a clear intention or target and whether the receiver intends to search,the transmission models of such information fall into four types: "clear-active", "unclear-active", "unclear-passive", and"clear-passive". The characteristics of online medical information transmission include the complexity of multiple dimensions and multiple levels, multiple sources of information, multiple directions and media of transmission, and the rapid development of mobile internet medical information technology. The risk exposure of online medical information transmission can be classified into three categories: the risk of information dissemination source, that of transmission process and that of receiver′s individual behavior. Transmission risks mostly come from quality gaps of information dissemination sources, uncontrollable transmission paths, numerous influencing factors, difficulties in information screening and poor regulating systems.
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Objective To explore the differences of presonal backgrounds of patients on their perceived value and service strategy for such patients.Methods Based on a literature review,the survey data of patient perceived value of ten hospitals from 2011 to 2013 were selected for an analysis of typical influences on their perceived value incurred by their background characteristics.Results The patient perceived values of the highest attention were functional value(3.91 in average)and emotional value(3.92 in average);regular changes toward these two values were found among patients of different backgrounds.Comparatively patients tend to demand higher emotional value featuring outpatient visit,minor symptoms,females,youths,higher education background and high income.Conclusions Medical institutions are expected to clarify their value positioning,and provide based on such differentiated services to their patients in view of the characteristic backgrounds and medical visits,thus improving the perceived value of their patient population in general.
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Objective To compare the differences between doctor knowledge transfer willingness and patient knowledge transfer demand,and propose matching behavior model of Doctor-Patient knowledge transfer.Methods Useing empirical analysis through questionnaire survey,tests and verities investigate data's reliability,validity.Significant test of the differences between doctor knowledge transfer willingness and patient knowledge transfer demand is conducted with ANOVA,and the detail relationship is conducted by comparison of the average values.Results Patient knowledge transfer demand is much higher than doctor knowledge transfer willingness.What' s more,this paper divides content of Doctor Patient knowledge transfer into four kinds:high doctor intention-high patient demand,high doctor intention-low patient demand,low doctor intention-high patient demand,low doctor intention-low patient demand.Conclusions Mismatching of doctor knowledge transfer willingness and patient knowledge transfer demand is the main reason of medical information asymmetry.Doctor-Patient knowledge transfer strategies are suggested based on the performance features of the four groups.
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Doctor-patient trust plays an important role in doctor-patient knowledge transfer.Investigating the basic features and trust performance of the patients, the authors classified by means of a cluster analysis, the patients into four groups with such criteria as the trust on hospital, trust on doctors, patient's awareness of the knowledge, and patient's compliance to the doctor's advice. The four groups are rational and suspicious, passive compliance, high self-confidence, and blind trust groups. In view of behavioral characteristics of the patients, different doctor-patient knowledge transfer strategies are suggested, in an effort to perform effective doctor-patient communication and to gain patient's trust.
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Doctor-Patient knowledge transfer plays an important role in clinical service.In an evidence-based investigation on their basic features and preference,patients investigated fall into six categories according four influence factors.These factors comprise,set as the criteria,information preference,decision-making preference,perceived severity of disease and influence of reference group.The six groups are the contradiction group,reactive group,ego group,decision preference group,total equality group,and positive group.Doctor-Patient knowledge transfer stategiea are suggested based on the preference features of the six groups.These strategies serve as references and paramedics for doctors to perform effective doctor-patient communication.
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore expression of ErbB3 and ErbB4 genes in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas and their relation with the biological and clinicopathological parameters.@*METHOD@#Expression of ErbB3 and ErbB4 mRNA in 36 cases of laryngeal carcinomas and normal mucosa of incisal margin, 11 cases of benign proliferative lesions were examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).@*RESULT@#In laryngeal carcinomas and benign proliferative lesions, over-expressive positive ratios of ErbB3 were 66.7%, 18.2% respectively (P 0.05). Differences of expressive level of ErbB3 and ErbB4 were not significant between laryngeal carcinoma and normal mucous of incisal margin (P > 0.05). In addition, expressive level of ErbB3 and ErbB4 were not associated with diversity of clinical pathologic characters (P > 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#ErbB3 and ErbB4 genes play different role in carcinogenesis and development, and relate to the reoccurrence of carcinoma.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Metabolism , Pathology , ErbB Receptors , Genetics , Metabolism , Laryngeal Neoplasms , Metabolism , Pathology , Neoplasm Staging , Prognosis , RNA, Messenger , Genetics , Receptor, ErbB-3 , Genetics , Metabolism , Receptor, ErbB-4ABSTRACT
AIM: To investigate differentiation of CD34~+ cells in human umbilical blood into eosinophils under the condition of cell culture in vitro.METHODS: CD34~+ cells were separated and purified from human umbilical blood.The cells were divided into negative group,IL-5 group and allergic rhinitis serum group.The differentiation ability of the cells was measured by flow cytometry,HE staining and electron microscope at the first day,second day, 7th day,14th day and 28th day culture.RESULTS: The proportion of CD34~+ cells in IL-5 group and allergic rhinitis serum group were decreased at the second day.The proportion in allergic rhinitis serum group was lower than that in IL-5 group significantly.The typical structure of eosinophils was observed at the second day.CONCLUSION: The allergic patient serum and IL-5 induce differentiation of CD34~+ cells in human umbilical blood to eosinophils.